Throughout The Night Circus, there are frequent allusions to Shakespeare—specifically The Tempest, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet. Where does Morgenstern reference Shakespeare? What is the purpose of the allusion? How does this technique amplify the situation in which it is referenced?

Teaching Suggestion: It might be helpful to have students read summaries of The Tempest, Romeo and Juliet, and Hamlet before engaging in this discussion. One option is to divide the class into three groups and have them read one of the summaries, taking note of the key plot details. Then, each group can provide a brief synopsis to the rest of the class. After each group has presented, students can engage in the discussion questions.

Differentiation Suggestion: For readers who benefit from assistance with challenging analytical tasks, consider providing bullet point summaries of each Shakespeare play that cover the essential details that will help them draw connections between the play and the novel.