Newport introduces the first principle of slow productivity: Doing fewer things. The chapter begins by challenging the common myth surrounding Jane Austen’s writing process. Contrary to the popular belief that Austen wrote in secret, stealing moments to write in between social obligations, Newport reveals that Austen became most productive when she was freed from most responsibilities and could focus intensely on her writing. This historical example serves as a foundation for Newport’s argument that reducing obligations can lead to better results.

The author extends this principle to modern knowledge work. He introduces the concept of “overhead tax,” which refers to the administrative burden that accompanies each new commitment. As this tax accumulates, it can push workers past a tipping point where logistical efforts consume most of their schedule, leading to reduced productivity. Newport argues that simplifying one’s workload is crucial for embracing and advancing important projects. He acknowledges that this concept may seem counterintuitive in a culture that often equates busyness with productivity, but he maintains that doing less can actually lead to accomplishing more.

Newport then explores the challenges of implementing this principle in contemporary work settings. He recognizes that busyness often seems unavoidable, particularly in professional environments driven by constant communication and ever-expanding task lists.